Dependency vs. modernization theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reliance versus modernization hypothesis - Essay Example western qualities. The Dependency hypothesis was because of the previous one. Concerning the Dependency hypothesis, the world economy is heavily influenced by present day nations and the financial improvement of Third World nations is persuasively subject to them (Farmer 100-7). The creating nations are compelled to follow the ways and states of western nations in light of the fact that an enormous headway hole wins between them. The advanced social orders make the peace for the world and on the off chance that the immature nations don't go on this track, at that point their political, social and conservative security are in danger, remote guides are immediatelyâ ceased and once in a while their reality is even exposed to danger (Schelkle, Krauth, Kohli, and Elwert 253-91). The Third world nations are straightforwardly or in a roundabout way reliant on the western nations. They can't substantiate themselves qualified to the world until and except if they don't make improvement strid es all alone. Today, progressed and create nations have made their interruption in all the immature nations. Unquestionably, the western arrangements are predominant and the nations which want to settle themselves should, in one way or other, monitor these strategies.

Shadow of a Vampire, Post Modernism Free Essays

Vampire Essay The content Dracula was written in a period well before post-innovation, when Victorian qualities were viewed as significant and issues relating sexual orientation were set up. Nosferatu was additionally written in the hour of innovation, where there was a sense in that western culture had lost its qualities. Shadow of a Vampire is an ongoing, post-present day message that centers around the recording strategies and procedures used to film Nosferatu. We will compose a custom article test on Shadow of a Vampire, Post Modernism or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Utilizing post-present day methods that are equivalent to parody in certain scenes, Shadow of a Vampire joins the two gothic writings into another content, utilizing a film inside a film strategy. As recently noted, Dracula, Nosferatu and Shadow of a Vampire all join a gothic sense as in they include; a château, shadows, a light emission in the darkness and the main wellspring of light fizzling (a flame smothered or an electric disappointment). All these are utilized in the three writings to utilize symbolism on high contrast as great and abhorrence, for instance Christian qualities are acceptable and indiscriminate lady are terrible in Dracula. Shadow of a Vampire negates this by making the content set in Berlin during a period of gigantic medication use (specific morphine which gives you an impact very like Draculas nibble) and wanton movement was enormous. Shadow of a Vampire utilizes pastiche to mirror the shooting of the first Nosferatu content, yet typically adds its own turn to the cliché vampire story. For example, the scene in the night, after the structure of the temporary boat on the set tally Orlak sneaks up on the two film makers, making the crowd ponder to assault and murder them. He winds up drinking and becoming inebriated with them, and in any event, eating a vampire bat in front them. An emblematic factor in all vampire stories is the bat yet Orlak shows he has no consideration for the conventional pioneer see in this scene. When Orlak is gotten some information about how he feels about the book this triggers a book inside a content inside a content, being a film dependent on Nosferatu making a notice on Dracula. The steady endeavor by the film business to depict genuine occasions and make them immortal is finished through Murnau’s quote during the time he is shooting a genuine vampire killing individuals, just for a decent shot. â€Å"Time will never again be a dim spot on our lungs. They will no longer say ‘you needed to have been there’, in light of the fact that the truth of the matter is, Albin, we were. A case of this is where Count Orlak requested make-up before his scene, this is unexpected in light of the fact that Orlak needs make-up to build the dream that he is a vampire to the crowd when he really is a vampire. The equal between the film world and the vampire world is depicted through different statements which anticipate and portray how the film business is like a vampi re. Greta says, while portraying the film business to the performance center acting life â€Å"the crowd gives me life! This thing *pointing at camera* removes it from me. This anticipates how at long last scene she is murdered by consider Orlak a penance for an ideal scene, in the film business. The camera removing the life from her equals a vampire sucking the blood from her. The equal between the film world and the vampire world is drilled when the agelessness of film gives eternality in Shadow of a Vampire and Dracula speaking to interminability in the book Dracula. The immortality of film is appeared in the scene wherein Murnau guarantees include Orlak â€Å"everlasting life† in return for filling the role in the film. Everlasting life is through shooting, it is constantly appeared in Christianity as a prize yet this time it is guaranteed with the help of recording. This scene relates back to the solid strict perspectives found in the time setting in Dracula and is an incredible case of the change strategies utilized in Shadow of a Vampire. The end scene of the Shadow of a Vampire where Murnau places morphine into Greta’s framework to place her into a fantastic state reflects the chomp of Dracula in the first book. This is another model that the prevailing character is in-certainty the chief and not the vampire. This is another case of the equal between the characters and circumstances in the vampire and film world. Every one of these elements have added to the change idea of Shadow of a Vampire in consolidating the three writings. The combination of topics of the gothic and the utilization of pastiche to impersonate, the equal between the film and vampire world while as yet keeping up a post-present day see are effortlessly shown in the film Shadow of a Vampire. Contentions * Parallel among Film and Vampire world * Pastiche to impersonate a film, shooting a story dependent on a book. The consistent endeavor to depict genuine occasions * Gothic mode utilized in every one of the three writings, in Dracula to speak to Christian qualities and science as great and insidious and in Shadow of a Vampire this is repudiated in the setting of the content where unreasonable medication use and sex is followed up on as often as possible The most effective method to refer to Shadow of a Vampire, Post Modernism, Essay models

How to Combat Writers Block and Finish Your College Essay

How to Combat Writers Block and Finish Your College Essay How to Combat Writers Block and Finish Your College Essay How to Combat Writers Block and Finish Your College Essay So you’re two hours deep into your college essay and you just can’t seem to get anything good down on paper! We know what that feels like, we’ve all been there! Here are 4 tips on how to overcome the beast that is writer’s block. Flip your topic on its head Maybe the way you’ve been thinking about writing your essay has limited your options! Think about the different ways you could tell your story. Could you start with the middle or end? Have you included any meaningful dialogue? Is there a small part of the story that you could highlight? Try writing your story from someone else’s point of view or reworking your outline. Get Everything Down You can only fight for so long. If you know what you want to say but can’t seem to say it well, write it down anyway. It will be easier for future you with creative thoughts of gold to clean up the mess if there’s something already there. Do you know how hard it is to build a home without a foundation? Be okay with writing something that doesn’t live up to your expectations. You can fix it later. Walk away We know that the last thing you want to do is leave your laptop without having anything to show for the time you spent in front of it but a change of scenery and short break can do wonders for letting your brain reload with awesome ideas! Take fifteen minutes to get a glass of water, eat a slice of pizza, or solve a Rubiks cube. Purposefully distract yourself, so when it’s time to revisit your Word Doc you’re out of the rut.   Remind yourself of the essay’s purpose When you’re deep in the college application process, it can be easy to think of the personal and supplemental essays as horcruxes you need to destroy, but instead remember why Admissions is making you do this. There are so many similarly qualified applicants that they are comparing you against and without a window into your soul, they’re left to play eenie meenie miney mo. Writing a great essay is making their job easier.  Maybe visit your dream school’s website for some motivation or to remind yourself why you’re sitting here trying to crank this out you’re trying to invite Admissions into your life and mind in 650 words to distinguish yourself from the competition. What is awesome about you? With your new perspective, you might just be able to wiggle your way out of the writer’s war zone and into college essay success. About Kat StubingView all posts by Kat Stubing » Need help writing your essay? We're here to help. CONTACT US »

Antonio Lopez De Santa Anna - 1024 Words

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was born in Jalapa, Veracruz Mexico, on February 21, 1794. He belongs to a â€Å"criollo† middle class family. His parents were from Spain. He was a Mexican politician and military leader who was President of Mexico eleven times from 1833 to 1855. He was president officially six times, and unofficially five more. He was also a disastrous president of Mexico because he lost Texas and much more of the current American west in the United States. However, by far he was an important figure of his generation in the Mexican history. Many people love him during his first years of president, and he was remembered for two major conflicts, the Battle of the Alamo in 1836 during the Texas Revolution, and as a restored Mexican leader during the Mexican-American War in 1847 (tshaonline.org). The prestige of Santa Anna in 1829 helped him to gain the presidency in 1833. In 1829 he fought against Spain’s attempt to conquer Mexico, and after his victory everyone looked at him as a good leader. His victory from Spain makes him immediately turn over power. At that time the vice-president was Valentà ­n Gà ³mez Farà ­as, and allowed him to make some reforms, including many that aimed at the Catholic Church and the army. Because the people of Mexico do not accept his reforms, Santa Anna stepped in and removed Gà ³mez Farà ­as from power, and consequently he gained the presidency in 1833 as a Federalist and opponent of Roman Catholic Church. He was in power from 1833 to 1836Show MoreRelatedAntonio Lopez Essay675 Words   |  3 PagesAntonio Lopez de Santa Anna was born on March 21, 1794 in Jalapa, Vera Cruz and died in 1876, in Mexico City. Santa Anna had started in the military in 1810 as a cadet at the age of 16, and was promoted to Brigadier General in 1822. In 1828 Santa Anna became the governor of Vera Cruz. He became governor again in Vera Cruz in the year 1829. Then in 1833 he was elected the president of Mexico. Santa Anna led the Mexican attack on the Alamo in Texas in the year 1835. Santa Anna eventually capturedRead MoreThe Texas Revolution Essay1025 Words   |  5 Pagesand economic gain while under the Constitution of 1824. It gave Texas a steady population flow of American migrants moving onto Texas soil. It also gave them political liberty, freedom to own slaves and a steady economic progression. But Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, president of Mexico, wished to impose a stricter rule which could also explain why Texas felt the need to separate from Mexico. Another speculated cause was that the Anglo-Americans that lived there refused to conform to the Mexican rulesRead MoreSilencing the Past: Summary Essay663 Words   |  3 Pagespoint of view. He talks about how Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna took over a Franciscan Mission with a total number of 189 defenders. (Little did he know that mythic heros Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie were inside) The siege went on for twelve days before the Mexicans finally charged the fort and killed everyone inside. A few weeks later at the battle of San Jacinto Santa Anna was defeated by the Secessionist leader Sam Houston. The Texans went on to secede and Santa Anna went on to be the leader of a muchRead More The Alamo Essay2090 Words   |  9 Pagesshould establish themselves as a separate state of Mexico. He was jailed for eighteen months. The Texans protested and soldiers were sent to control the mobs. After the release of Austin on September 1, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna had been elected President of Mexico. In the fall of 1835 Santa Anna had sent more troops, under the leadership of his brother in law General Martin Cos, to Texas in order to enforce the immigration laws. Austin and some soldiers had surrounded settlements in Mexican territoryRead MoreTitle The Alamo didn’t become a symbol of Texan Independence because it was a good idea on the1000 Words   |  4 Pagestrained to become a lawyer and practice in Claiborne, Alabama. He came to Texas both to make his fortune and he supported the revolt against Texas (William Barret Travis). Santa Anna, the Mexican general, and dictator, who led the Mexican army against the Alamo, had already sent another general to do the job. This first general, Santa Anna’s brother-in-law, General Cos, had â€Å"ordered the arrest of several troublemakers, including William Barret Travis (Sorrels 31).† William Barret became the main reasonRead MoreEssay about Mexicos Economy An Politics In 19th Century863 Words   |  4 PagesBustamante. Revolt followed revolt until 1833, when Antonio Là ³pez de Santa Anna was elected president. In 1834 a political crisis resulted in the overthrow of the constitution of 1824. A new centralist constitution, which stripped the Mexican states of their autonomy, was enacted in 1836. Protests against centralization encouraged the Texans to rebel against Mexican authority in 1835, in what came to be known as the Texas Revolution. Santa Anna was called back to the presidency to attempt to saveRead More The Alamo Essay2741 Words   |  11 Pagesin a string of firecracker events the seeds of revolution and the battle of the Alamo ensued.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Alamo first saw action when General Cos landed at Copano, and headed to San Antonio to meet up with Colonel Ugartechea. By now war was on everyone’s mind and many events prior to Cos marching toward San Antonio set the playing field for war, but not everyone really was for it,..... at least not yet. Meanwhile, in Gonzales the revolution had started over a cannon that the settlers would not giveRead More Hollywood vs. History: The Alamo Essay1557 Words   |  7 Pagesone of these settlers; he came to Texas to make a profit. Jim Bowie is best known to have built the bowie knife but even more so to have fought in the Alamo. Jim Bowie married a rich politician who is actually the sister of Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was the new leader of Mexico; after he was put into power he proclaimed himself a dictator and abolished the Mexican constitution. As the Texan settlements prospered whites began breaking the codes and started smug gling inRead MoreThe Rallying Cry Of The Texans During Their Rebellion Against General Antonio Lopez De Santa Anna At The Alamo1208 Words   |  5 Pages92. The rallying cry of the Texans in their rebellion against General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna at the Alamo mission in San Antonio TX in 1836 when 200 Texans made a heroic stand against 3000 Mexicans under Santa Anna. 93. The manifest destiny was belief in which Americans believe that America had a divine obligation to stretch the boundaries to the Pacific Ocean. A symbol of manifest destiny was the figure â€Å"Columbia† that moves across the land leaving the darkness with light. 94. Texan AnnexationRead MoreThe Battle at the Alamo Essay1730 Words   |  7 PagesThe battle at the Alamo is one of the most significant events in the Texas Revolution, as well as in both Mexican and American history. For Mexican President and General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, it was a tale of determination and holding to the principles of a strong, central government. For Americans living in Texas, the Alamo was a venture of small scale Revolutionary ideals; a people should be able to democratically express how they feel their homeland to be governed. As we know, both countries

International Finance Exam - 4417 Words

International finance FIN 412 Exam #2 MC: Examples of single-currency interest rate swap and cross-currency interest rate swap are: A. fixed-for-floating rate interest rate swap, where one counterparty exchanges the interest payments of a floating- rate debt obligations for fixed-rate interest payments of the other counter party B. fixed-for-fixed rate debt service (currency swap), where one counterparty exchanges the debt service obligations of a bond denominated in one currency for the debt service obligations of the other counter party denominated in another currency X- C. A amp; B D. none of the above MC: In the swap market, which position potentially carries greater risks, broker or dealer? A. Broker X- B. Dealer†¦show more content†¦risk-adjusted performance D. risk of default and bankruptcy MC: Regarding the mechanics of international portfolio diversification, which statement is true? X- A. Security returns are much less correlated across countries than within a county B. Security returns are more correlated across countries than within a county C. Security returns are about as equally correlated across countries as they are within a county D. None of the above MC: A fully diversified U.S. portfolio is about? A. 75 percent as risky as a typical individual stock X- B. 27 percent as risky as a typical individual stock C. 12 percent as risky as a typical individual stock D. Half as risky as a fully diversified international portfolio MC: With regard to estimates of world beta, measures of the sensitivity of a national market to world market movements†¦ A. The Japanese stock market is the most sensitive to world market movements B. The U.S. stock market is the least sensitive to world market movements X- C. Both A amp; B D. None of the above MC: With regard to the OIP†¦ A. The composition of the optimal international portfolio is identical for all investors, regardless of home country B. The OIP has more return and less risk for all investors, regardless of home country X- C. The composition of the optimal international portfolio is identical for all investors of a particular country, whether or not they hedge their risk with currency futuresShow MoreRelated ECON 4131, International Finance, Spring 2002, Exam 3 Final Essay656 Words   |  3 PagesFinal Exam Questions -- Economics 4131, Spring 2006 1. Explain how the gold standard operated in the classical period (1870-1914). What were the advantages and disadvantages? Some say the gold standard sacrificed internal balance to external balance. How? What were the â€Å"rules of the game† and what would happen when they were violated? What would happen when the demand for monetary gold rose faster than the supply, and why was this a problem? 2. Explain the functioning of the Bretton Woods currencyRead MoreSim 335 Managing Project924 Words   |  4 PagesBrochure ACCA Diploma in International Financial Reporting ACCA Diploma in International Financial Reporting This brochure contains detailed information about the ACCA Diploma in International Financial Reporting (DipIFR). Should you have any questions after reading this brochure, please contact us at BPP Nederland. Contact person : Phone number: e-mail: Iris Calmes MSc RA 020 – 5677823 i.calmes@bppnederland.nl About the ACCA DipIFR The Diploma in International Financial Reporting is anRead MoreBusiness 115 Final Exam Study Guide Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesBUSN115 Final Exam Study Guide The BUSN115 final exam is 3 pages long. It is a timed exam worth 250 points that you may enter only once. You have 3.5 hours to complete the exam. It consists of 30 multiple choice questions worth 5 points each. There are 5 essay questions worth 20 points each. Be sure to save and save often while you are working on the exam, and submit the exam when you are finished. To earn full credit your response to each essay question should answer the question completelyRead MoreIndividual Research Project : Cpa1055 Words   |  5 Pagesopportunities to choose from, such as Auditing, Business and management Consulting, Information Technology, International Financial Reporting and Tax Advisory Services (NASBA). In today’s economy and technological advances the career security is the most appealing of obtaining a CPA license. CPAs are in high demand due to a shortage in experienced accountants (Colpo). To sit for the CPA exam, you must acquire the education and other requirements which varies by state. In the state of South CarolinaRead MoreBUSN115 Final Exam Study Guide1656 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿BUSN115 Final Exam Study Guide The BUSN115 final exam is 3 pages long. It is a timed exam worth 250 points that you may enter only once. You have 3.5 hours to complete the exam. It consists of 25 multiple choice questions worth 6 points each. There are 7 essay questions, 6 worth 15 points and 1 worth 10 points. Be sure to save and save often while you are working on the exam, and submit the exam when you are finished. To earn full credit your response to each essay question should answerRead MoreA Brief Note On Business Careers By Brenda Vazquez1097 Words   |  5 Pagesplanning for long-term financial objectives. This means that they are constantly under significant stress as their work environment consists of working closely with top executives and with departments that develop data to ensure that the company’s finances are up to par. A typical week in the life of a financial manager involves working full time in which one in three financial managers work more than 40 hours per week. These individuals must be accustomed to working in many industries, including butRead MoreCounterterrorism In Cyber Enforcement1376 Words   |  6 PagesProgram management vs. implementation and investigation. Headquarters houses the logistics and administrative offices under the Office of the Director/Deputy Director/Associate Deputy Director which include; Facilities and Logistics Services Division Finance Division Inspection Division Office of the Chief Information Officer Office of Congressional Affairs Office of EEO Affairs Office of the General Counsel Office of Integrity and Compliance Office of the Ombudsman Office of Partner Engagement OfficeRead MoreMy Future Plan For School And Become A Cpa1560 Words   |  7 Pagesto an accredited college, complete the requirements to take the CPA exam, and provide the documents necessary. Foremost, an accredited college simply means a college or university that is officially recognized and authorized; Aurora University, for example, holds the title of an accredited college. To take this step deeper, typically one wants the college to also offer a CPA program or courses necessary for the exam. A CPA exam requires a Baccalaureate degree, while taking a total of 150 course hoursRead MoreHp Value Chain Analysis1389 Words   |  6 PagesBuilding Room BUAD 4980-03 MWF 11:30am – 12:25pm BAS S262 Office Hours* Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday – 12:00pm – 02:00pm 04:00pm – 05:00pm 12:00pm – 02:00pm – * Other hours: By appointment Course Expectations X Multiple-Choice Exams X Essay Tests X Written Homework X Written Papers/Cases X Internet Assignments X Library Assignments X Oral Presentations X Class Discussion X Make-Up Policy Students with Disabilities Students with Disabilities: Students who have a disabilityRead MoreBSBINT405B Apply Knowledge Assessment V2 Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Assessment Materials BSBINT405B Apply knowledge of import and export for international conventions, laws and finance To achieve competency in this unit you must complete the following assessment items. All tasks must be submitted together. Tick the boxes to show that each task is attached. Task 1. Theory Exam ☠ NOTE: If this is a group assignment, each member of your group must individually submit a separate and complete copy. Student ID Student Name 41221 Filippo Alexander Juhas Arienti

Theories of varied motivation in psychology Free Essays

It is said that entire psychology is about the study of motivation itself. In fact the science of psychology evolved to explain, answer and reason the ‘why’ of human behavior. Motivation holds the answer to this ‘why’ because when we attempt to reason for a particular behavior or attitude then basically we are finding the motivations responsible for that particular behavior (Gorman, 2003, 1). We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of varied motivation in psychology or any similar topic only for you Order Now People perform a variety of actions through multiple roles according to their dominant motivation that guides their behavior. In psychological studies the implicit motivations determining human behavior are not only considered from point of view of biological drives and neurological impetus but they are also explained by relational aspect of human behavior where motivation is a dynamic aspect of the behavior that helps people to interact with the world (Nuttin, 1984,1).   Many theorist attempt to offer generalized explanation for a majority of human actions purely in terms of natural instinct or sudden impulse. Even the people engaged in performing those actions may also agree to this viewpoint. However, the theory of instinct and impulse presents an incomplete rational because there are critical external factors and attractions that also contribute towards the particular motivation. Therefore human motivation is a dynamic product of combination of intrinsic human traits as well as their environmental setting. Another important factor that plays an important role in explaining motivational factors in behavior is human emotion (Gorman, 2003, 89). Human beings experience a number of emotional states that continue to fluctuate and they act as causative factors in a large number of actions undertaken by them. As a matter of fact, motivation is a product of a very complex process of internal and external interaction of human beings with themselves and their surrounding and it acts as stimulant and provide energy for their behaviors and consequent actions. Psychoanalytic Explanation of motives Motives interests psychologist because they provide insight into the character and approach of individuals, providing psychologists with test materials on which they can further form and expand their theories. The reasons of specific actions, such as why did a person steal, why did he commit a murder, why did he participate in a cause where he was not interested, or why did he contributed a majority of his wealth to charitable causes can perhaps be better understood if the motives behind them are sought. The implicit notion is that there are some actions which deviant to a person’s characteristics and those that are difficult be explained by any standard rule based system (Peters, 1958, 28). Psychologists, in their attempts to explore the motives, that is the set of specific reasons for deviant as well as normal actions have given considerable attention to the unconscious self of human beings of which they are themselves unaware. The unconscious self is composed of repressed feelings of deprivations, unfulfilled desires and infant sexuality and it subtly acts on every human being to set the framework of many of their actions (Peters, 1958, 55). This theory of unconscious mental process, as proposed by Freud, and the psychoanalytic explanations it offered, did not profess to explain the entire gamut of human behaviors, but it certainly provided a more panoramic view to cause and reasons of many human actions that were hitherto conventionally explained on mere visible evidences. According to the new wisdom, actions performed by people have a long and complicated background and though they may appear final or conclusive in their immediate bearing, they are part of a long chain of interconnected events. Therefore even the simple question that why did John walk across the road take vast proportion in psychology. As explained by Peters (4), the simple answer that John crosses the road to buy some tobacco is insufficient, even though John himself in unaware of any other motive. To a psychologist, in crossing the road to buy tobacco, John is conforming to many social and cultural stereotypes such as he is not running or crawling across the road to get the tobacco (ibid, 5). If John had run, then his goal of obtaining tobacco would had fallen incommensurate with his action that should had warranted more urgent justification. However as John walks across the road, it indicates that procuring tobacco is a kind of activity that should be accomplished in a normal behavioral conduct to make it appear as an appropriate social function. A psychologist might further argue that John has secret liking for tobacconist’s girl, and he goes to the particular shop to see that girl, though he may himself be not aware of this. Another explanation might be offered that John had an unconscious disliking of work from which he wanted to escape and the act of going to tobacconist was a way for him to stay away from the unpleasant work. Its important to see here that in neither of these explanations John himself is aware of any other reason other than buying tobacco, but each of the region, both of them or several others can be true to the case. The Biological Approach to Motives The biological or physiological aspects of motives are perhaps the earliest explanations that were offered to reason for motives behind human actions and behaviors. This approach views human as ‘drive-oriented’ animals who are more the product of biological factors of cellular and neurochemical reactions, acting through our genetic traits alone and spurred by release of hormones to various actions. This physiological analysis puts instinct as the primary reason behind every human action and its framework basic human instincts such as desire to eat, drink, sleep and have sex combine to form the further ramifications of human behavior (Gorman, 2003,14). In this model, drives for specific actions stimulate people and they respond accordingly in their behavior. It states that behavior of people is the result of homeostasis, that is, the tendency to maintain a stable internal environment of body. Body responds to any deprivation that threatens the stability of internal equilibrium and unleashes corresponding behavior to correct it (Weiner, 1980, 11). Thus homeostasis drive theory accounts for situations where a person may be compelled to steal food if he is hungry, or run if he is threatened, as maintaining the internal equilibrium is principle motive of any living organism. Behavioral approach to motives As Nuttin (1984, 16) states, understanding of motivational process is critically dependent on understanding of dynamic aspects of human behavior. In the field of psychology behavior refers to cognitive activities that an individual performs in the context of a behavioral world (ibid, 17). These activities can not be understood if they are treated separately, and therefore an integrated model of behavior interpretation is required that views that takes a complete and related view of all the processes in the living organism. According to the behavioral model, the various biochemical functions and basic drives are encompassed by behavior that gives these individual traits their full meaning and purpose (ibid, 18). As such hunger, thirst, sleep, sex drive, fear, ecstasy, loyalty etc are not isolated factors in determining motives. Instead they are integrated as part of the behavioral structure that creates a sense of organic continuity. Thus seeing changes to watching and hearing changes to listening in the behavioral model. Various theories and models in the field of social behavior have come with suggestion that human behavior reflects a person’s intent to act (Orbell, 2004, 145). According to each of these models it is possible to predict behavior from intentions and behavioral control displayed by a person. Behavioral characteristics can successfully account for specific types of motivations seen with various actions. For example, harvesting, hunting and fishing are quite different behaviors, yet they are done with the same objective of procuring food. Similarly, despite their different behavioral traits, people are essentially same every where, in the sense that they seek love, trust, social respect, and financial stability, thus acting through almost identical motivational drives. Within the behavioral system, a form of unity and cohesion is attempted out of multiple elements interacting together in a motivational setup (Nuttin, 1984, 84). Humanistic Approach to Motives The humanistic approach in describing different motives for human actions is a relatively new field. Its fundamental principles, as stated by Weiner(1980, 409) are 1. Humanistic psychology studies people in their real life circumstances, where humans are subjects of the study, rather than object. People are described in their own consciousness and perceptions and the reasons and motives of their actions are placed along with their individuality, in a holistic and complete framework. 2. Humanistic psychologists also believe that human choice, will, their desire to move ahead in life, to grow and realize their potentials contribute to their actions, behavior and approach to life. 3. The dominant characteristics of any individual is to achieve personal potential, and develop their capacities and talents to highest level. Thus the central motivation in an individual’s life is to grow, move ahead and develop his or her own self. Conclusion Human actions would continue to be defined, analyzed and interpreted from a number of points of view, according to various theories, models and approaches to understand its complexity and give complete meaning to its attributes, in order to evolve a wholesome picture of factors that motivates people towards a varied degree of actions. Motivations can be best understood from the dynamics of behavior and the integrated setup that provides basis for planning, thinking, action and achievements of goals to people. Further, people are motivated to different actions based on their own perception of needs and requirements as well acting through their subconscious self, which explains for the difference in their perceived reason of their certain steps from the actual reasons justifying it. Reference Gorman, P, 2003, Motivation and Emotion, Routledge, New York. Nuttin, J, 1984, Motivation, Planning, and Action: A Relational Theory of Behavior Dynamics, (trnsltr) Jean E. Dumas ,, Raymond P. Lorion , Leuven University Press; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Leuven, Belgium. Orbell, S, 2004, Contemporary Perspectives on the Psychology of Attitudes: The Cardiff Symposium. (edit ) Geoffrey Haddock,   Gregory R. Maio, Psychology Press. Hove, England. Peters RS, 1985,The Concept of Motivation. Routledge Kegan Paul :London Weiner, H, 1980, Human Motivation, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ    How to cite Theories of varied motivation in psychology, Essay examples

Punishment and Discipline in Children free essay sample

Punishment and Discipline in children Summary: Punishment and discipline differ in a couple of ways. First of all punishment is something parents impose on children rather than discipline which is something that is usually known by the child. A disciplined child will not do something bad because they know it is wrong because their parents have set a good example. Punishment allows the discharge of parental anger, while discipline takes more thought to carry out and in turn can be much more effective. Punishment Versus Discipline When it comes to raising children there are two different ways to deal with problems. You can punish your child when they do something wrong, and this can involve verbal or physical punishment. Discipline is something that parents can instill in their children by letting them know they are disappointed or removing themselves away from the child. Discipline often has a more lasting effect on a child because they know if they do something wrong that their parents will be disappointed, which is much harder than physical pain to deal with. We will write a custom essay sample on Punishment and Discipline in Children or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We must remember that hurt feelings can be much more long lasting than physical pain. Now that I have read the article on punishment versus discipline my opinion has changed on the subject. I always believed that physical punishment was the worst way to deal with a childs problematic behavior due to the fact that it teaches the child that if someone does something wrong, the way to solve the problem is to physically hurt them. I believe that kids should be punished in ways that require a little more thought than a slap to the behind. I never really thought of discipline as the way the article describes it in the sense that it is something that the child has instilled in them. I now understand discipline more clearly and realize the impact it can have on kids. When it comes to using punishment, there are many side effects. Punishment teaches foremost the desirability of not getting caught. The more hurtful the punishment, the more devious the child will become. Usually kids are only sorry because they have been caught and may be punished rather then being sorry for the thing they did. Punishment teaches a child that those who have power can force others to do their will. When a child is old enough they will often try and use such force themselves to punish others. Any punishment sets us against the person who inflicts it on us. Punishment can also lead to repression. Punishment and discipline differ in a couple of ways. First of all punishment is something parents impose on children rather than discipline which is something that is usually known by the child. A disciplined child will not do something bad because they know it is wrong because their parents have set a good example. While on the other hand a child who is usually punished for doing something bad, will not do it because they dont want to be punished. Punishment allows the discharge of parental anger, while discipline takes more thought to carry out and in turn can be much more effective. When using discipline on your children there are obstacles that will come along the way. First of all if parents themselves are not disciplined, then it will be harder for the child to have a disciplined role model to look up to. Another difficulty is that parents try to teach self-discipline to their children in ways that arouse their resistance rather then their interest. Disciple requires a lot of patience and often takes a while to figure out what works for different children. A good relationship between the parent and child is very important. Though there are obstacles when disciplining your children it is logical to do so because the relationship will be much better in the future. Parents much teach by example because kids will be much more influenced by what a parent does rather than what a parent says. Guilt plays a big role in discipline. If a child is really disciplined then they will not do what they know is wrong because they know the guilt that they will have to face. It is much harder to have to deal with a guilty conscience after you have done something wrong rather than dealing with physical or verbal punishment. Guilt is what keeps a disciplined person from doing the wrong things. I believe that the fundamental issue in this article is discipline. It is very important for people to understand how much discipline can benefit a child. Punishment will only go so far, but a disciplined person will do things based on morals and not because they are scared of getting caught. To be disciplined takes self-control and having this self-control will keep kids out of trouble. I agreed with this article for the most part. I felt that it had many good points about discipline. I definitely agree with the fact that children are greatly influenced by their parents and how they handle situations. I feel that parents should not punish a child more than the law would. Sometimes after a child has done something wrong they need time to think things over and a huge punishment can make it unbearable. I know from personal experience that when huge punishments are set upon you it feels like things are so bad that they couldnt get any worse, so you just keep doing what ever youre not supposed to. Parents need to know when to draw the line with punishment, and make sure it fits the crime. I just hope that I remember all this information when Im a parent so I can raise a good, disciplined child.